Peliosis hepatis: 2 case reports of a rare liver disorder and its differential diagnosis

RATIONALE Peliosis hepatis (PH) is a rare tumor-like liver lesion composed of multiple blood-filled cavities within the liver parenchyma. It is hard to differentiate PH from other liver lesions by imaging, such as carcinoma, metastases, or abscess. PATIENT CONCERNS Here, we reported 2 cases that presented with liver lesions under ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scanning, without any history of liver diseases or drug usage traced back. DIAGNOSES Liver biopsy and laparoscopy were processed, and the lesions were eventually diagnosed as PH by histopathology, which microscopically presented with multiple sinusoidal dilatations with blood-filled cystic spaces. INTERVENTIONS After the liver biopsy or laparoscopy, the patients were discharged and followed up in the clinic. OUTCOMES Both patients were followed up for at least 1 year with good recovery. LESSONS PH should always be recognized in the differentiation of liver lesions, particularly indistinctive lesion(s) without any history of liver-related diseases.